Case conversion functions

Case conversion function used to display character values in a different case,without changing the case of the data in the table
Types of case conversion function 
1-  UPPER: that display all characters in lowercase
2-  LOWER: displays all character in lowercase.
3- INITCAP: converts the first letter or each word to uppercase and the remaining litters to lowercase.
Syntax of Case Conversion Function
First you type the keyword then the character data that you want to convert, enclosed in parentheses.
Examples
SELECT  LOWER(ENAME) EMPLOYEE
FROM EMP;

EMPLOYEE

----------

smith

allen

ward

jones

martin

blake

clark

scott

king

turner

adams

EMPLOYEE

----------

james

ford

miller

SELECT  UPPER(ENAME) EMPLOYEE

FROM EMP;

EMPLOYEE

----------

SMITH

ALLEN

WARD

JONES

MARTIN

BLAKE

CLARK

SCOTT

KING

TURNER

ADAMS

EMPLOYEE

----------

JAMES

FORD

MILLER

SELECT  INITCAP(ENAME) EMPLOYEE

FROM EMP;

EMPLOYEE

----------

Smith

Allen

Ward

Jones

Martin

Blake

Clark

Scott

King

Turner

Adams

EMPLOYEE

----------

James

Ford

Miller

Case conversion functions used in the WHERE clause

FOR EXAMPLE CHECK THE DIFFERNET IN BELOW

SELECT ENAME

FROM EMP

Where ename=’adams’

no rows selected

SELECT ENAME

FROM EMP

Where lower(ename)=’adams’

ENAME

----------

ADAMS